What Members Need in Work Situations: Two Samples of Essential Managerial Leadership Behaviors: JMI

Violent incidents, terrorist attacks, senseless shootings, health issues such as the Coronavirus, and natural disasters call attention to managerial leadership in crisis situations. Yukl and Van Fleet (1982) did the seminal work on this topic extended by Peterson and Van Fleet (2008) and Peterson et al. (2012). More recently, Geier (2016) reported findings based on firefighters while Htway and Casteel (2015) and Kapucu and Ustun (2018) studied public sector organizations. Since these studies all involved nonprofit organizations, an extension to for-profit organizations is warranted. There are differences between profit organizations and not-for-profit organizations (Collins, 2001;Collins, 2005). Because of the goals involved, there may be differences in the managerial leadership behaviors required by these types of organizations. Hannah and Parry (2013) specifically recommend expanding leadership research to many different extreme situations in an effort to understand different managerial leadership behaviors that adapt to varying crisis situations. Two samples reported here identify the critical managerial leadership behaviors desired by for-profit organizational participants in both stable and crisis situations. Finally, implications, limitations, and future research are discussed.

The impact of security oversight on air cargo price and demand

This paper examines the effect of security oversight on air cargo price and demand. We exploit variations in security oversight instituted by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). We estimate a simultaneous equation model using proprietary operations data from a major airline in South Korea over the period 2009–2013. This study explores the shipping-charge behavior of a service provider through a modeling approach that considers air cargo security. Our findings show that security oversight increases air cargo demand, controlling for the effect of price. Improving security measures increases the air cargo price, but the magnitude of this increase is small. Our results should help policymakers gauge the benefit of improved security and help airlines design an effective model to determine future air cargo shipping charges under high uncertainty to mitigate short- and long-term financial risks.

In Limbo: Piloting a Pandemic-Based Documentary Theater!Project

Rejan presents a pilot project for a pandemic-based documentary theater project. In telling the story of how the project evolved from an experiment in his drama class in the early days of the pandemic to a full-fledged online performance the following fall, he wants to highlight the power and potential of the interview-based monologue genre as a means of processing life during COVID. At the same time, he wants to reflect on the fissures, frustrations, and realizations he faced as he worked with students in an online space, struggling, as they sought to tell the stories of others, to navigate their own narratives of learning in the backdrop of a pandemic. He recognized that the gifts of Zoom theater are fullest when felt alongside the losses, just as voices of pandemic transformation and discovery ring out all the more truthfully when heard alongside the testimonies of pandemic pain.

European Constitutional Courts Towards Data Retention Laws, edited by Marek Zubik, Jan Podkowik, and Robert Rybski, [ Springer, Switzerland, 2021, 384pp, ISBN: 978-3-030-57188-7, £109.99 (h/bk), £59.99 (ebook)]

[...]data retention can seriously interfere with privacy and rights of data protection, engaging the delicate balance between rights and freedoms, on the one hand, and security, on the other, which in turn impacts the very foundations of democracy. [...]data retention—and surveillance in general—engages a third ‘actor’ in the rights–security relationship, this being technology. After setting out the domestic legislation implementing the 2006 EU data retention directive in each State, the authors consider whether such national measures had already been the subject of any constitutional or supreme court decisions before the European Court of Justice (ECJ) ruled the data retention directive invalid in 2014. [...]there is no doubt that this book provides a valuable overview of the evolution of European surveillance law (and related case law) in the first two decades after the 9/11 attacks.

PANDEMIC LANGUAGE: A BATTLE FOR CONTROL OVER MORE THAN THE VIRUS: A REVIEW OF GENERAL SEMANTICS

Tropp and Behrens asserts that days after the events of September 11, 2001, the world wrestled with finding words for many aspects of our changed lives, including the events themselves. September 11, nine one one, and the attacks all circulated with the term that was eventually settled upon: nine eleven. Very little discussion about what this event would be labeled occurred during those early days. Later, the media would step back and reflect on how we got to "9/11": its resonance with emergency 911, and even the numeral 11 represented on bumper stickers as the twin towers. In other words, the discourse preceded the meta-discourse. The year 2020 brought us, seemingly overnight, another new world, a pandemic world, one in which we again search for language. Much of the need to create a language out of, and to exist with, COVID-19 comes from the urgency of translating science for everyday people. This process includes developing new terms and metaphors to understand the science.

Differences and Commonalities Between Terrorism and COVID-19: Globalization in Ruins

In the present essay review, we have placed the notion of the War on Terror on the critical lens of scrutiny. Far from being a foundational event, the global pandemic affirms a trend that originated after the War on Terror. In both the idea of living with the enemy persist. The modern nation-state, which is supported by the health system, deploys disciplinary instruments to detect, trace and isolate the undesired guest. In the days after 9/11, surveillance technologies were used to spy on different citizens who were suspected to be terrorists. In the post COVID19 context, all we are suspected to be terrorists (carriers) who place the social order in jeopardy. Of course, terrorism and the virus have certain differences which merit being mentioned. Terrorism is moved by political and psychological aims while COVID-19 is simply a virus (disposed of any reasoning and will). Nevertheless of this fact, the reaction of society that exacerbates the instrumentalist gaze seems to be the same.

The Challenge of Coming to Terms With Evolving Priorities

The ideas of "work-life balance" or "work-life blend," both of which were popular topics in the years leading up to 2020, entered an entirely new and uncharted level of complexity when the personal and professional worlds of many suddenly collided, without adequate warning or preparation.1,2 In many cases, years of careful planning or concerted effort to separate or otherwise partition work and home evaporated, and the multitude of challenges inherent in complete integration of work and home became readily apparent. Communal challenges can foster a shared sense of ownership and activate many positive attributes in individuals that can lead to greater individual and group well-being.3 At an individual level, however, separate from the direct physical or health-related complications of the pandemic, the communal challenges of COVID-19 served as a massive disruption to our own plans and goals for our lives and careers that had and continues to have both immediate and sustained, long-term consequences. Many of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the United States have been compared to those of the terrorist attacks of 9/11, including the collective grief and trauma felt by people across demographic groups and locations.5 Most relevant to this discussion, goals and plans (both personal and professional) were disrupted for many Americans and others from around the world. In the period immediately after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the disruptions were tangible and prominent, such as the complete grounding of US commercial air travel and the shock to the US financial system after entire companies based in the World Trade Centers in New York City were destroyed.

Counterterrorism Cooperation between China, ASEAN, and Southeast Asian Countries: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Direction

Though China's dialogue relations with the Association for Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) began in 1991 right after the end of the Cold War, counterterrorism cooperation between China and ASEAN and between China and ASEAN member states (AMS) only got more serious attention in the aftermath of the 11 September 2001 (9/11) terrorist attacks. [...]this article identifies some challenges in their counterterrorism cooperation and examines the future direction of this cooperation toward the strengthening of neighborhood diplomacy between China and ASEAN and between China and AMS. Aiming to boost ties and build China-ASEAN regional capacities against terrorism, the exercise was thus far the largest-scale land-based counterterrorism activity since the founding of the Experts' Working Group on counterter-rorism in 2011 by the ASEAN Defense Ministerial Meeting-Plus.1 The holding of this type of joint military exercise is timely and relevant as China and Southeast Asian countries share common security interests in countering the virulent threats of international terrorism especially in the time of great crises, like the COVID-19 pandemic, where terrorists can exploit the situation to carry their malevolent intentions. Since ASEAN officially established its dialogue relations with China in 1991, countering international terrorism has been in the radar screen of China-ASEAN dialogue processes. While these publications are useful to raise public awareness, there is a need to conduct a scholarly study on the subject matter in order to produce knowledge that is essential for policy making and development. [...]this article seeks to answer the following questions: * What is the current state of counterterrorism cooperation between China and ASEAN and between China and AMS? * What is the nature of counterterrorism cooperation between China and ASEAN and between China and AMS? * What are the challenges in counterterrorism cooperation between China and ASEAN and between China and AMS? * What are the prospects of counterterrorism cooperation between China and ASEAN and between China and AMS?